New case study: virtual maintenance and training of fish farms using photogrammetry and VR

Exploring the use of digital technologies in aquaculture including VR, private 5G networks and underwater photogrammetry

This project explored whether virtual reality (VR), underwater 3D scanning (photogrammetry), and private 5G networks could make fish‑farm maintenance safer, more efficient, and less costly. Currently, divers inspect and repair net pens with limited pre‑dive information. The project explored building a ‘digital twin’ of fish farms – a detailed virtual replica created using underwater scanning and design data - allowing divers and farm staff to explore sites virtually before entering the water.

Valued at £54,966, it was delivered by the University of Strathclyde’s National Manufacturing Institute of Scotland (NMIS), funded by the UK Seafood Innovation Fund and supported by SAIC.

Researchers used historic dive footage and 3D scans to create a proof‑of‑concept VR training scenario. Trials showed that VR could improve diver training and reduce the number of physical dives required. The NMIS team also modelled an environment in Shetland, showing how digital twins could support planning for future farm sites, weather impacts, and seabed conditions.

A further challenge was poor communication between farms and dive contractors. The team designed a web-based platform concept to improve planning, data sharing, and real‑time visibility of dive operations. 

To address connectivity barriers in remote locations, the project tested private 5G networks. Simulations showed potential, offering high‑speed, reliable data transfer suitable for moving large files.

Overall, the project demonstrated that these technologies could be used for training and operational planning in salmon farming. Furthermore, the introduction of digital technologies has the potential to expand job opportunities within the sector, recruiting expertise from a skills base which would not normally be linked to salmon farming such as VR developers, app developers, data management and cyber security specialists.

The full title of this project is ‘Virtual maintenance and training of fish farms through photogrammetry and virtual reality’.

Read the case study