New case study: converting waves into energy for fish farming

Exploring the use of ZOEX Wave Energy Converter as source of electrical power at fish farms

As aquaculture moves further offshore to meet growing demand, farms face a challenge: powering operations without relying on diesel generators. Diesel is costly, carbon-intensive, and at odds with net-zero goals. Renewable energy solutions are needed that provide reliable power, support fish health, and compete economically with diesel.

The ZOEX Wave Energy Converter (WEC) offers a promising answer. This modular device attaches to farm structures, e.g., feed barges, converting wave motion into electricity. Its simple design captures energy from waves of varying sizes, making it suitable for exposed sites where wave resources are abundant. Power can be used immediately or stored in batteries, reducing reliance on diesel and cutting emissions.

This project considered whether ZOEX could meet the energy needs of a typical Scottish fish farm and compete on cost. Valued at £785,967, the partners were ZOEX Ltd, Sealand Projects, Scottish Sea Farms, Umbra Group SpA, AKVA Group, and the University of Strathclyde. Key steps included:

• Numerical modelling to predict energy output.
• Site analysis using met-ocean data to identify suitable locations.
• Design and testing of a scale prototype in a wave tank.

Results were encouraging. Unlike technologies that require large waves, ZOEX performed well with smaller waves (under 0.55m), making it viable for aquaculture. Integration with feed barges was found to be technically feasible, and electrical analysis confirmed compatibility with battery systems.

While upfront costs are higher, long-term benefits include reduced fuel costs, lower emissions, and improved sustainability credentials. ZOEX produces zero emissions and requires minimal maintenance. Tank tests validated the design and the project concluded that ZOEX is a commercially attractive, environmentally friendly solution for offshore aquaculture.

Next steps include full-scale testing, already underway at Aberdeen harbour. If successful, ZOEX could help transform aquaculture energy systems, enabling farms to operate in remote, high-energy sites while advancing the industry’s net-zero ambitions.

The full title of this project is ‘ZOEX: converting waves into energy for fish farming’

Read the case study